MEASURING MASS

BALANCE

 

Example:

 

The mass of the salt cube is 500 g + 200 g + 50 g = 750 g

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TRIPLE BEAM BALANCE

 

Example:

The mass of the object is 300 g + 60 g + 6.5 g = 366.5 g

MEASURING LENGTH

RULER

Example:

The length of the rod is 3.3 cm – 1.1 cm = 2.2 cm

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VERNIER CALIPER

Example:

Main Scale = 1.2 cm

Vernier Scale = 7 × 0.01 cm = 0.07 cm

Reading = 1.2 cm + 0.07 cm = 1.27 cm

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MICROMETER

Example:

 

Main Scale = 4.0 mm

Thimble Scale = 25 × 0.01 mm = 0.25 mm

Reading = 4.0 mm + 0.25 mm = 4.25 mm

MEASURING VOLUME OF LIQUID AND IRREGULAR OBJECT

 

In narrow glass cylinder, the liquid level is curved into a shape called the meniscus.

For most liquids such as water, the meniscus curves as shown in figure below.

To get correct reading, make sure your eyes are the same level as the bottom of the meniscus to avoid parallax error.

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MEASURING CYLINDER

 

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DISPLACEMENT CAN 

 

1. Fill a displacement can with water to the level spout. Allow excess water to flow into a container. When the water stops flowing, replace the container with an empty and dry measuring cylinder
2. Tie a piece of string to the object and lower it into the displacement can till it is completely submerged. Some water is displaced into the measuring cylinder. Note the volume of water displaced by the object

MEASURING TIME

ANALOGUE STOPWATCH

 

 

Reading time = 10 min  17 sec  = (10 × 60 sec) + 17 sec = 617 sec