TATANAMA SENYAWA IONIK
A. Tatanama Senyawa Ionik
Senyawa ionik terdiri atas ion positif (kation) dan ion negatif (anion). Penamaan senyawa ionik dimulai dari kation dan diikuti oleh anionnya.
| Kation | + | Anion | \(\ce{->}\) | Senyawa | Nama |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| \(\ce{Na+}\) | + | \(\ce{Cl-}\) | \(\ce{->}\) | \(\ce{NaCl}\) | Natrium klorida |
| \(\ce{Mg^{2+}}\) | + | \(\ce{2 NO3-}\) | \(\ce{->}\) | \(\ce{Mg(NO3)2}\) | Magnesium nitrat |
| \(\ce{2 K+}\) | + | \(\ce{CO3^{2-}}\) | \(\ce{->}\) | \(\ce{K2CO3}\) | Kalium karbonat |
| \(\ce{Ba^{2+}}\) | + | \(\ce{SiO3^{2-}}\) | \(\ce{->}\) | \(\ce{BaSiO3}\) | Barium silikat |
| \(\ce{2 Al^{3+}}\) | + | \(\ce{3 AsO4^{3-}}\) | \(\ce{->}\) | \(\ce{Al2(AsO4)3}\) | Alumunium arsenat |
| \(\ce{3 Ca^{2+}}\) | + | \(\ce{2 PO4^{3-}}\) | \(\ce{->}\) | \(\ce{Ca3(PO4)2}\) | Kalsium fosfat |
| \(\ce{NH4^{+}}\) | + | \(\ce{CN-}\) | \(\ce{->}\) | \(\ce{NH4CN}\) | Amonium sianida |
| \(\ce{2 NH4^{+}}\) | + | \(\ce{SO4^{2-}}\) | \(\ce{->}\) | \(\ce{(NH4)2SO4}\) | Amonium sulfat |
| \(\ce{Na+}\) | + | \(\ce{CHOO-}\) | \(\ce{->}\) | \(\ce{CH3COONa}\) | Natrium formiat |
| \(\ce{Zn^{2+}}\) | + | \(\ce{2 CH3COO-}\) | \(\ce{->}\) | \(\ce{Zn(CH3COO)2}\) | Seng asetat |
JIKA KATION MEMILIKI LEBIH DARI 1 JENIS MUATAN
| Kation | + | Anion | \(\ce{->}\) | Senyawa | Nama |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| \(\ce{2 Cu^{+}}\) | + | \(\ce{S^{2-}}\) | \(\ce{->}\) | \(\ce{Cu2S}\) | Tembaga (I) sulfida |
| \(\ce{Cu^{2+}}\) | + | \(\ce{S^{2-}}\) | \(\ce{->}\) | \(\ce{CuS}\) | Tembaga (II) sulfida |
| \(\ce{Fe^{2+}}\) | + | \(\ce{2 IO4-}\) | \(\ce{->}\) | \(\ce{Fe(IO4)2}\) | Besi (II) iodat |
| \(\ce{Fe^{3+}}\) | + | \(\ce{3 IO4-}\) | \(\ce{->}\) | \(\ce{Fe(IO4)3}\) | Besi (III) iodat |
B. Tatanama Oksida Logam (Oksida Basa)
Oksida logam atau oksida basa adalah senyawa yang berasal dari unsur logam dan oksigen.
\(\ce{UNSUR LOGAM + O2 -> OKSIDA LOGAM (OKSIDA BASA)}\)
| Oksida Logam | Nama |
|---|---|
| \(\ce{Li2O}\) | Lithium oksida |
| \(\ce{MgO}\) | Magnesium oksida |
| \(\ce{Al2O3}\) | Alumunium oksida |
JIKA LOGAM MEMILIKI LEBIH DARI 1 JENIS MUATAN
| Oksida Logam | Nama |
|---|---|
| \(\ce{Cu2O}\) | Tembaga (I) oksida |
| \(\ce{CuO}\) | Tembaga (II) oksida |
| \(\ce{FeO}\) | Besi (II) oksida |
| \(\ce{Fe2O3}\) | Besi (III) oksida |
C. Tatanama Senyawa Basa
Basa adalah zat yang dalam bentuk larutan melepaskan ion \(\ce{OH-}\).
| Basa | Nama | Ionisasi |
|---|---|---|
| \(\ce{LiOH}\) | Lithium hidroksida | \(\ce{Li+ + OH^{-}}\) |
| \(\ce{Mg(OH)2}\) | Magnesium hidroksida | \(\ce{Mg^{2+} + 2 OH^{-}}\) |
| \(\ce{Al(OH)3}\) | Alumunium hidroksida | \(\ce{Al^{3+} + 3 OH^{-}}\) |
| \(\ce{NH4OH}\) | Amonium Hidroksida | \(\ce{NH4+ + OH^{-}}\) |
JIKA KATION MEMILIKI LEBIH DARI 1 JENIS MUATAN
| Basa | Nama | Ionisasi |
|---|---|---|
| \(\ce{CuOH}\) | Tembaga (I) hidroksida | \(\ce{Cu^{+} + OH^{-}}\) |
| \(\ce{Cu(OH)2}\) | Tembaga (II) hidroksida | \(\ce{Cu^{2+} + 2 OH^{-}}\) |
| \(\ce{Fe(OH)2}\) | Besi (II) hidroksida | \(\ce{Fe^{2+} + 2 OH^{-}}\) |
| \(\ce{Fe(OH)3}\) | Besi (III) hidroksida | \(\ce{Fe^{3+} + 3 OH^{-}}\) |