Kation dan Anion

Kation

Kation adalah muatan positif, yang terbentuk saat atom/molekul kekurangan elektron. Jika atom X melepaskan 1 elektron, akan membentuk ion positif \(\ce{X+}\). Jika atom X melepaskan 2 elektron, akan membentuk ion positif  \(\ce{X^{2+}}\). Dan seterusnya.

Berikut adalah beberapa contoh kation:

 

KATION

Unsur Kation Nama
Golongan IA \(\ce{Li}\) \(\ce{Li+}\) Litium
\(\ce{Na}\) \(\ce{Na+}\) Natrium
\(\ce{K}\) \(\ce{K+}\) Kalium (potasium)
\(\ce{Rb}\) \(\ce{Rb+}\) Rubium
\(\ce{Cs}\) \(\ce{Cs+}\) Cesium
Golongan IIA \(\ce{Mg}\) \(\ce{Mg^{2+}}\) Magnesium
\(\ce{Ca}\) \(\ce{Ca^{2+}}\) Kalsium
\(\ce{Sr}\) \(\ce{Sr^{2+}}\) Stronsium
\(\ce{Ba}\) \(\ce{Ba^{2+}}\) Barium
Golongan IIIA \(\ce{Al}\) \(\ce{Al^{3+}}\) Alumunium
\(\ce{Ga}\) \(\ce{Ga^{3+}}\) Galium
\(\ce{In}\) \(\ce{In^{3+}}\) Indium
\(\ce{Tl}\) \(\ce{Tl^{3+}}\) Talium
Golongan IVA \(\ce{Sn}\) \(\ce{Sn^{2+}}\) Timah (II)
\(\ce{Sn}\) \(\ce{Sn^{4+}}\) Timah (IV)
\(\ce{Pb}\) \(\ce{Pb^{2+}}\) Timbal (II)
\(\ce{Pb}\) \(\ce{Pb^{4+}}\) Timbal (IV)
Golongan B \(\ce{Ag}\) \(\ce{Ag+}\) Perak
\(\ce{Ni}\) \(\ce{Ni^{2+}}\) Nikel
\(\ce{Cd}\) \(\ce{Cd^{2+}}\) Cadmium
\(\ce{Zn}\) \(\ce{Zn^{2+}}\) Seng
\(\ce{Cr}\) \(\ce{Cr^{3+}}\) Kromium
\(\ce{Pt}\) \(\ce{Pt^{4+}}\) Platina
\(\ce{Cu}\) \(\ce{Cu^{+}}\) Tembaga (I)
\(\ce{Cu^{2+}}\) Tembaga (II)
\(\ce{Hg}\) \(\ce{Hg^{+}}\) Raksa (I)
\(\ce{Hg^{2+}}\) Raksa (II)
\(\ce{Au}\) \(\ce{Au^{+}}\) Emas (I)
\(\ce{Au^{3+}}\) Emas (III)
\(\ce{Fe}\) \(\ce{Fe^{2+}}\) Besi (II)
\(\ce{Fe^{3+}}\) Besi (III)
\(\ce{Co}\) \(\ce{Co^{2+}}\) Kobalt (II)
\(\ce{Co^{3+}}\) Kobalt (III)
Kation lainnya \(\ce{NH4+}\) Amonium
(Next Lesson) Anion
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Kation dan Anion